Hair clipper and shaving clipper



April 21, 1936. M Nb s 2,037,957

' HAIR CLIPPER AND SHAVING CLIPPER I Filed Dec. 17, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l 0; :Z 7 Zhwentor GttoruegS April 19365 M. ANDlS HAIR CLIPPER AND SHAVINCT CLIPPER Filed Dec. l'7, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Zhwentor Gttornegg Patented Apr. 21, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 20 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in hair clippers and shaving clippers, including both manually operated and power driven clippers.

The primary object of my invention is to provide an improved set of clipping blades in which the vibratory blade may be of a generally cylindrical or ovate form operable upon the relatively stationary shearing comb plate while maintaining an inherent tension or resilient pressure for efficient shearing.

More particularly stated, it is my object to.

provide a clipper in which the movable clipping member or blade may be completely housed intermediate of its ends by the relatively stationary shearing member ordinarily designated as a comb plate.

A further object of my invention is to provide means whereby an arcuately slotted vibratory cutter of a generally cylindrical form may be mounted to slide in a shearing member having a runway of similar form, and havingsimilar slots or openings in its walls provided with shearing inner margins, said shearing members, if intended for use as a hair clipper, being provided with comb teeth adapted to direct the hair or other material to be cut through the openings into the path of the slotted portion of the vibratory cutter. Further objects of my invention are: to provide a clipping tool which can be manufactured at minimum cost and which will have increased efliciency as compared with the clipping toolsheretofore used; to provide a clipper having a minimum number of parts and in which delicate adjustments will not be required to obtain or maintain clipping efllciency; to provide a clipper of maximum durability in which parts likely to require frequent adjustment or repair are eliminated; to provide a clipper which will automatically take up wear; to provide a clipper in which clipping operations may be performed in different zones or areas; and to provide clipper blades and shearing members of standardized type to be used either in connection with hand operated mechanism or power driven mechanism for both hair clipping and shaving purposes. 7

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an isometric .view of a manually operable clipper embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged isometric view of the vibratory member or cylindrical blade. I

Figure 3 is an inverted view of fragments of the cutter bar and shearing member.

Figure 4 is a sectional view showing a modified shearing member associated with a vibratory blade of the type shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3.

Figure 5 is a plan view of the same.

Figure 6 is a side view, showing a slight modiflcation in the contour of the top and bottom portions of the shearing member.

Figures '7 and 8 are views corresponding with Figures 5 and 6, showing a further modification.

Figure 9 is a side view of a complete power driven clipper embodying my invention.

Figure 10 is a plan view of the same with dotted lines indicating electro-magnetic driving mechanisms of well known type mounted in the handie-shaped casing.

Figure 11 is a sectional view drawn generally toline ll--ll of Figure 1.

Figure 12 is a similar view on a reduced scale, showing the clipper in operation simultaneously at difierent distances from the scalp.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

In Figure 1 the rear portion l5 of the stationary clipper member or comb is similar to the corresponding portions of shearing members or comb plates heretofore used. The stationary handle i6 is attached to this rear portion IS.

The forward portion of the shearing member has an upper surface providedwith an arcuately rounded ridge I! from which the comb teeth I8 extend between the end portions IS. The upper surfaces of these portions l9 and of the comb teeth I 8 have an abrupt inclination to the forward edge of the shearing member formed by their junction with the'bottom surface of said member. The ridged portion of the member is provided with a longitudinal bore which extends through the bases of the comb teeth in close proximity to the bottom surface-of the stationary clipper member and intersecting the narrow V- shaped slots or spaces between the teeth iii.

The cutter bar 20 is formed of resilient material and is of a generally cylindrical form, the margins of the blank from which the cutter is rolled being inturned to form a set of reenforcing flanges 2| and 22, as clearly shown in Figure 2'. The opposite side of the cutter is provided with a. series of arcuate slots 23 which gradually increase in width from the ends of the central portion and constitute the front or cutting side of the vibratory member. The rear or flanged side is provided with a central opening 25 immediately above the flange 22, in which an actuating arm 26 may be engaged, as best shown in Figure .11. As shown in Figure 1, this actuating arm This materially increases separated, and slightly larger in diameter than the bore which is 2 rear of this channel 30, the rear portions of the comb teeth have axially extending slots 3| extending through these comparatively wide but thin portions of the teeth into the cutter bar passage, whereby some of the hair may enter such passage through these slots, and be cut. by the cutter bar at the lower ends of the slots therein. the emciency of the clipper.

Normally the flanges 2i and 22 are slightly the vibratory bar is normally to receive it and into which the member 20 is thusrequired to be forced under compression. Being formed of resilient material, its expansion urge maintains it in pressure relation to the internal surface of the shearing member with which it contacts, thus making it unnecessary to provide auxiliary means for pressing the vibratory and stationary shearing members together. In the structure shown in Figure'l, the handle 32 is used to vibrate the member 20, and as the relation of the handles l6 and 32 to each other is that of an ordinary hand operated clipper, further illustration or description of the handle connections or of the arrangement and function of the retractile spring 33 is deemed unnecessary.

In Figure 4 l. have illustrated a modified shearing member which conforms generally to the contour of a vibratory clipper blade 20a. This shearing member has thin-walled, arcuately slotted portions 36 and 31 which, for convenience, are referred to as the top and bottom portions of the shearing member. At the front, the outer surfaces extend tangentially to form ridge 33, V- shaped in cross section, and at the rear side projecting arms 33 are provided which serve as a means for connecting the shearing member with a suitable support, two of these connecting members 39 being preferably provided as shown in Figure 5.

With this construction the clipper may be reversed and may also be moved with a. rocki motion over the surface from which the hair is to be cut, thus changing the shearing line and also enabling the operator to vary the opportunity for the hair to enter the slots in the shearin member in accordance with the length of the hair to be cut. The clipper shown in Figure 4 is designed particularly for close cutting short hair, but with the construction shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 11 the shearing member need not be rocked in order to vary the closeness of reason that the hair directly underneath the cutting cylinder will be closely cut to produce approximately a rough shave and the hair in advance thereof will be progressively cut at an increasing distance from the scalp from a perpendicular line through the center of the clipping cylinder to a substantially parallel line tangent to the most forward surface of the cylinder, thus automatically imparting a graduated cut to the hair at the end of the path along which the clipper is being advanced; .This is particularly advantageous for neck trimming.

In Figure 6 I have illustrated a further modification inwhich the slotted portions 36b and 31b of the shearing member have their respective ends of the intervening shearing bars thickened to form shoulders 40, the ends of which may be inwardly beveled, whereby these ends may perform the function-of comb teeth.

While I have referred to the cutter bar as being of a generally cylindrical form, my invention is the cut for the not limited to any specific form of bar adapted to vibrate within a passage in the shearing member and to deliver cut material laterally, the cutter bar being hollow and open ended and its walls being provided with slots which allow the hair to enter and assume a shearing position. But the slotted portion of the bar is preferably made arcuate, and a cylindrical or oval form is preferable to a tube which is rectangular in cross section for the reason that pressure contact with the shearing teeth or bars of the relatively stationary shearing member is more easily secured in the first instance and more easily maintained under conditions of use and wear.

Referring now to Figures '7 and 8, it will be observed that the construction is similar to that disclosed in Figures 5 and 6 with the exception that the bore in the shearing member is oval in cross section, and the vibratory cutter 200 is also oval in cross section. The shearing ribs 360 and 310 are thickened at one end only, and the forwardly projecting ridge 380 is notched or slotted to form comb teeth adapted to prepare the hair for clipping by rearranging transversely disposed hair-along the path of the clipper.

The stationary and vibratory clipping members shown in Figures 4 to 8, inclusive, are peculiarl'y adapted for use as parts of power driven clippers with which they may-be assembled as indicated in Figures '9 and 10, wherein an elongated casing 45 is provided with socketed projections 46 to receive the supporting arms 39 of the stationary shearing members. The interior of the casing may be provided with any suitable motor or other driving connections connected with a source of power. In Figure 10 an electromagnetic motor is indicated in dotted lines, the magnet 50 being disposed along one-side of the casing in position to vibrate an armature 5! which extends from the rear end to the front end along the opposite side of the casing and is secured to connecting arm which engages in a notch or recess in the vibratory blade similar to notch 25 illustrated in Figure 2.

' I claim:

1.' A hair clipper having a hollow open ended vibratory cutter bar of curved cross-section provided with an arcuately slotted side portion in combination with a relatively stationary shearing member having a transverse passage to receive said cutter bar, said passage having a slotted wall corresponding to the similar portion of the vibratory bar, said vibratory bar being of greater normal diameter than the passage and resiliently held against the slotted wall of the passage by its own reaction to compression therein.

2. A hair clipper having a hollow vibratory cutter bar longitudinally slotted along one side, and on the other side provided with an arcuately slotted shearing portion in combination with a relatively stationary shearing member having a transverse passage to receive said cutter bar, and an arcuately slotted wall in registry with the similar portion of the vibratory bar, said vibratory bar being composed of a sheet of resilient material in a generally cylindrical form with margins in juxta-position to form said longitudinal slot,

said bar being under compression insaid passage and urged by its resiliency against the slotted wall of the passage.

3. A hair clipper having acutter bar in the form of a longitudinally split cylinder composed of resilient material and having arcuate slots in its wall opposite the line of longitudinal sever- 52, the front end of ance and a shearing member enclosing the cutter bar except at the ends thereof, said shearing member having slots with which the slots of the cutter bar may register, andalso having cutter bar engaging portions adapted to hold said bar under compression tending to retain its slotted portion in pressure contact with the--slotted portion of the shearing member.

4. A hair clipper comprising in combination, a vibratory split tube having arcuate hair receiving slots and intermediate cutters along one side and an enclosing shearing member having a tube receiving cavity provided with a slotted wall and intermediate cutters with which the slotted portion of the tube is'in registry, said tube being formed of resilient material, -normally of greater diameter than the cavity in the shear member which receives it, whereby said tube maintains by expansion a pressure relation to the walls of such cavity.

5. A hair clipper havingv in combination, a cylindrical cutter bar of thin material longitudinally split for resiliency and provided with an inturned reinforcing flange along each side of the line of separation, said cutter bar having a side portion arcuately slotted in planes transverse to the axis of the bar, and a shearing member also of a generally cylindrical form enclosing said cutter bar and provided with slots adapted to register with those in the cutter bar during vibration of the latter.

6. A hair clipper having in combination, a cylindrical cutter bar longitudinally split and provided with inturned flanges along the line of separation, said cutter bar having a side portion arcuately slotted in planes transverse to the axis of the bar, and a shearing member also of a generally cylindrical form enclosing said cutter bar and provided withslots" adapted to register with those in the cutter baiduring vibration of the latter, said shearing member having portions intermediate of its slots outwardly extended to form comb teeth and with inner margins adapted to serve as shearing cutters in cooperation with the portions of the cutter bar intermediate of its slots.

7. In a hair clipper, a shearing member having a tubular transverse passage provided with slotted walls on opposite sides thereof, a hollow cutter bar formed of resilient material and having slotted walls in pressure relation to the slotted walls of the shearing member, and means for vibrating the cutter bar longitudinally of its axis, said shearing member having projecting comb teeth integral with its shearing cutters.

8. A hair clipper having a vibratory clipper bar ovate in cross section and provided with arcuate' slots in opposite walls thereof in planes transverse to its axis, a shearing member enclosing said clipper bar and correspondingly slotted, said shearing member being provided with supporting arms adapted for connection with a suitable handle and also having an opening intermediate of said arms, and a handle provided with power driven mechanism connected with the cuttter bar through said opening.

9. A hair clipper having shearing comb teeth longitudinally slotted in their rear portions, in combination with a vibratory bar having cutters adapted to travel along the upper surfaces of the slotted portions of said teeth.

10. A hair clipper having shearing comb teeth longitudinally slotted in their rear portions, in combination with a vibratory bar having cutters adapted to travel along the upper surfaces of the slotted portions of said teeth, the lower surfaces of said teeth being cut away to provide a channel transversely of said teeth and spaced from the ends thereof.

11. A hair clipper having a shearing plate provided with a transverse bore from one side'of which comb teeth extend in combination with a vibratory bar having cutters adapted to travel along the inner ends of said teeth, the lower surfaces of said teeth being formed to provide a channel transversely of said teeth and spaced from the ends thereof, said teeth being otherwise formed with converging upper and .ower margins.

12. A clipper cutter bar comprising a resiliently expansible split tube provided with a cylindrically curved wall provided with slots disposed transversely and spaced to form cutting teeth, in combination with a comb adapted to hold said resilient tube under compression with its slotted wall in shearing relation to the rear portions of the comb teeth.

13. In combination, a clipper cutter bar comprising a tube transversely slotted at spaced intervals to provide teeth and a co-operating cutter member having complementary teeth, said bar having integral resilient portions urging said teeth into operative pressure relation. 14. A clipper comprising the combination with movable shear means, of a blade assembly providing teeth having side surfaces co-acting with said means, said teeth being longitudinally slotted, whereby to provide additional surfaces with which said means co-acts.

15. In a clipper, the combination with a pair of relatively movable toothed shears, a set of teeth having convergent side portions in shearing relation to the teeth of the other member, and having longitudinally extending slots in their wider portions, with the walls of said slots also in shearing relation to the teeth of the other member.

16. A hair clipper comprising the combination of a hollow cutter bar having a transversely slotted arcuately curved portion, said bar being transversely compressible, and a shearing comb provided with a bore to receive said bar under compression, said comb having teeth between which are spaces extending through one wall of said bore in the form of arcuate slots in said wall, whereby hair engaged between the teeth may be projected into the bore in the path of movement of the slotted portion of the cutter bar.

17. A hair clipperhaving a support in combination with a shearing comb secured to the support and provided with a transverse passage having a plurality of slotted walls and with the material between the slots extended to form comb teeth, a hollow cutter bar of curved cross section having slotted walls in registry with the slotted walls of said shearing comb, and means for vibrating the bar to moveits wall portions intermediate of its slots transversely across the slots in the shearing comb and across the inner ends of the comb teeth, transversely of the axes of their pointed ends.

18. In a hair clipper, a shearing member comprising a generally cylindrical comb having a tubular transverse passage provided with slotted walls on opposite sides thereof, the wall portions between the slots being adapted to serve as comb teeth and provided with tangential projections constituting the points of such teeth, a hollow cutter bar formed of resilient material and having slotted walls in pressure relation to the slotted walls of the shearing member, and means for vibrating the cutter bar longitudinally of its axis,

said cutter bar being under compression tending to reduce its diameter and urged by its own resilient' reaction into shearing relation with the slotted walls of the shearing member.

.19. A hair clipper having telescopic shearing and vibratory cutter members with mutually contacting shearing zones extending longitudinally of said members, one of said members being composed of resilient material biased for pressure of 10 its shearing portion upon the shearing portion of the other member, and means for vibrating one of said members relatively to the other for shearing purposes. 7 v

20. In a hair clipper the combination of telescopic shearing and vibratory cutter members having registering arcuate shearing bars, one 01 said members being resilient and biased for pressure contact with the other in the zone occupied by the shearing bars of the respective members.

MATHEW ANDIS. 

